RACK 6 ABDOMIN

The lungs are two large organs located within the chest cavity. They are responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. Each lung is divided into several lobes, with the right lung having three lobes and the left lung having two lobes.

Clinical anatomy of the heart refers to the study of the heart and its surrounding structures as they relate to the diagnosis and treatment of heart conditions. Some important aspects of clinical anatomy of the heart include:

Coronary circulation: The heart is supplied with oxygen and nutrients by the coronary arteries, which branch off from the aorta. Blockages or narrowing of these arteries can lead to a heart attack.

Brain clinical anatomy 

Clinical anatomy is the application of anatomy in medical practice. In the case of brain clinical anatomy, it refers to the study of the structure and function of the brain as it relates to the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders.

The brain is a complex organ consisting of different regions, each with specific functions. Understanding the anatomy of the brain is essential for identifying and diagnosing neurological conditions.

Some of the important structures of the brain include:

The aortic arch is a critical structure located in the thoracic region of the body that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the head, neck, and upper extremities. It is composed of three main branches, each of which supplies blood to different parts of the body. Here is a brief overview of the clinical anatomy of the aortic arch:

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular organ that is located in the pelvis and serves as a temporary reservoir for urine. It is part of the urinary system and plays a key role in the storage and elimination of urine from the body.

The anatomy of the urinary bladder, as taught in MD programs, includes the following structures:

The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs located in the abdomen, just below the ribcage, and on either side of the spine. The kidneys are an important part of the urinary system and play a vital role in filtering waste products and excess water from the blood to produce urine.

The stomach is a muscular organ located in the upper abdomen, just below the diaphragm. It is part of the digestive system and plays a crucial role in breaking down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body.

The umbilical cord is a flexible cord-like structure that connects the fetus to the placenta in the uterus during pregnancy. Here are some key points about the anatomy of the umbilical cord:

The umbilical cord is approximately 50-60 cm in length and 2 cm in diameter.

It consists of two arteries and one vein encased in a gelatinous substance called Wharton's jelly.

The two arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus to the placenta, while the vein carries oxygenated blood and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus.

The placenta is an organ that develops during pregnancy to provide oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus and remove waste products. Here are some anatomical points and clinical aspects of the placenta:

Anatomical points:

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is a type of tumor that develops at the base of the spine, in the sacrococcygeal area. It is the most common tumor found in newborns, with a reported incidence of approximately 1 in 35,000 to 40,000 live births.

Sacrococcygeal teratomas are thought to arise from germ cells, which are cells that give rise to eggs or sperm. These tumors can contain a variety of different tissues, including hair, teeth, bone, cartilage, muscle, and nerve tissue. The tumors can vary in size and can be either benign or malignant.