10. SPLEEN

The spleen is an organ located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm. Here are the anatomical points of the spleen:

1. Location: The spleen is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, between the 9th and 11th ribs.
2. Size: The size of the spleen varies from person to person, but on average, it measures approximately 11 cm in length, 7 cm in width, and 4 cm in thickness.
3. Shape: The spleen is a soft, oblong organ that is somewhat flattened on its anterior and posterior surfaces. It has a smooth, shiny, reddish-brown surface.
4. Borders: The spleen has four borders: the superior border, which is convex and directed upward; the inferior border, which is concave and directed downward; the anterior border, which is thin and sharp; and the posterior border, which is thick and rounded.
5. Ligaments: The spleen is attached to the stomach by the gastrosplenic ligament and to the left kidney by the splenorenal ligament.
6. Blood supply: The spleen receives its blood supply from the splenic artery, which branches off the celiac trunk. The splenic vein drains the blood from the spleen and joins the superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein.
7. Function: The spleen is an important organ of the immune system. It filters the blood and removes old or damaged red blood cells, as well as foreign particles, such as bacteria and viruses. It also produces white blood cells and stores platelets