Human excretory system includes organs that facilitate the removal of nitrogenous wastes from the body. The main excretory organs include kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra. Kidneys filter the blood and urine is the filtrate obtained.
Life of every organism depends on certain basic processes. Excretion is one among them. Different organisms follow different modes of excretion. In complex organisms including humans, there is a specialized system for excretion called human excretory system.
We all obtain our nutrients from different sources which are later digested and metabolized in our body. After metabolic reactions, the body starts to sort out useful and toxic substances in an individual. As we all know, the accumulation of the toxins may be harmful and the body removes all the metabolic wastes by the process called excretion.
Different organisms follow different modes of excretion such as kidney, lungs, skin and eyes depending on their habitat and food habit.
For example- Aquatic animals excrete waste in the form of ammonia, while birds and insects excrete mainly uric acid. Humans produce urea as the major excretory product.
Let us have a detailed look at the excretory system notes to explore the excretory system in human beings, different organs of the excretory system and the mechanism of excretion in humans.
Excretory System Organs
The human excretory system organs include:
- A pair of kidneys
- A pair of ureters
- A urinary bladder
Ureter
A pair of thin muscular tubes called the ureter comes out of each kidney extending from the renal pelvis. It carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Urinary Bladder
It is a muscular sac-like structure, which stores urine. The urinary bladder is emptied by the process of micturition,