Specimen Image
Anatomical Position
The kidneys lie retroperitoneally (behind the peritoneum) in the abdomen, either side of the vertebral column.
They typically extend from T12 to L3, although the right kidney is often situated slightly lower due to the presence of the liver. Each kidney is approximately three vertebrae in length.
The adrenal glands sit immediately superior to the kidneys within a separate envelope of the renal fascia.
Kidney Structure
The kidneys are encased in complex layers of fascia and fat. They are arranged as follows (deep to superficial):
- Renal capsule – tough fibrous capsule.
- Perirenal fat – collection of extraperitoneal fat.
- Renal fascia (also known as Gerota’s fascia or perirenal fascia) – encloses the kidneys and the suprarenal glands.
- Pararenal fat – mainly located on the posterolateral aspect of the kidney.
Rack Number
Specimen Number
40